I expected the coolest at the end. I was disappointed, but the others were
pretty awesome. Magnetic putty got kinda meh after so many times seeing it,
and same with ferrofluid, but the others were cool. I liked the first one.
HI GUYS!!! LONG TIME NO SEE!!!! KEEP ON COMMENTING AND +1ING MY POSTS, AND
KEEP BEING AWESOME!!! HERE’S TODAY’S POST:
Q: What is a chemical reaction?
A:
A chemical reaction is a process that leads to the transformation of
one set of chemical substances to another.[1] Classically, chemical
reactions encompass changes that only involve the positions of electrons in
the forming and breaking of chemical bonds between atoms, with no change to
the nuclei (no change to the elements present), and can often be described
by a chemical equation. Nuclear chemistry is a sub-discipline of chemistry
that involves the chemical reactions of unstable and radioactive elements
where both electronic and nuclear changes may occur.
The substance (or substances) initially involved in a chemical reaction are
called reactants or reagents. Chemical reactions are usually characterized
by a chemical change, and they yield one or more products, which usually
have properties different from the reactants. Reactions often consist of a
sequence of individual sub-steps, the so-called elementary reactions, and
the information on the precise course of action is part of the reaction
mechanism. Chemical reactions are described with chemical equations, which
graphically present the starting materials, end products, and sometimes
intermediate products and reaction conditions.
Chemical reactions happen at a characteristic reaction rate at a given
temperature and chemical concentration, and rapid reactions are often
described as spontaneous, requiring no input of extra energy other than
thermal energy. Non-spontaneous reactions run so slowly that they are
considered to require the input of some type of additional energy (such as
extra heat, light or electricity) in order to proceed to completion
(chemical equilibrium) at human time scales.
Different chemical reactions are used in combinations during chemical
synthesis in order to obtain a desired product. In biochemistry, a similar
series of chemical reactions form metabolic pathways. These reactions are
often catalyzed by protein enzymes. These enzymes increase the rates of
biochemical reactions, so that metabolic syntheses and decompositions
impossible under ordinary conditions may be performed at the temperatures
and concentrations present within a cell.
The general concept of a chemical reaction has been extended to
non-chemical reactions between entities smaller than atoms, including
nuclear reactions, radioactive decays, and reactions between elementary
particles as described by quantum field theory.
Chemical reactions such as combustion in the fire, fermentation and the
reduction of ores to metals were known since antiquity. Initial theories of
transformation of materials were developed by Greek philosophers, such as
the Four-Element Theory of Empedocles stating that any substance is
composed of the four basic elements – fire, water, air and earth. In the
Middle Ages, chemical transformations were studied by Alchemists. They
attempted, in particular, to convert lead into gold, for which purpose they
used reactions of lead and lead-copper alloys with sulfur.[2]
The production of chemical substances that do not normally occur in nature
has long been tried, such as the synthesis of sulfuric and nitric acids
attributed to the controversial alchemist Jābir ibn Hayyān. The process
involved heating of sulfate and nitrate minerals such as copper sulfate,
alum and saltpeter. In the 17th century, Johann Rudolph Glauber produced
hydrochloric acid and sodium sulfate by reacting sulfuric acid and sodium
chloride. With the development of the lead chamber process in 1746 and the
Leblanc process, allowing large-scale production of sulfuric acid and
sodium carbonate, respectively, chemical reactions became implemented into
the industry. Further optimization of sulfuric acid technology resulted in
the contact process in 1880s,[3] and the Haber process was developed in
1909–1910 for ammonia synthesis.[4]
From the 16th century, researchers including Jan Baptist van Helmont,
Robert Boyle and Isaac Newton tried to establish theories of the
experimentally observed chemical transformations. The phlogiston theory was
proposed in 1667 by Johann Joachim Becher. It postulated the existence of a
fire-like element called “phlogiston”, which was contained within
combustible bodies and released during combustion. This proved to be false
in 1785 by Antoine Lavoisier who found the correct explanation of the
combustion as reaction with oxygen from the air.[5]
Joseph Louis Gay-Lussac recognized in 1808 that gases always react in a
certain relationship with each other. Based on this idea and the atomic
theory of John Dalton, Joseph Proust had developed the law of definite
proportions, which later resulted in the concepts of stoichiometry and
chemical equations.[6]
Regarding the organic chemistry, it was long believed that compounds
obtained from living organisms were too complex to be obtained
synthetically. According to the concept of vitalism, organic matter was
endowed with a “vital force” and distinguished from inorganic materials.
This separation was ended however by the synthesis of urea from inorganic
precursors by Friedrich Wöhler in 1828. Other chemists who brought major
contributions to organic chemistry include Alexander William Williamson
with his synthesis of ethers and Christopher Kelk Ingold, who, among many
discoveries, established the mechanisms of substitution reactions.
Chemical equations are used to graphically illustrate chemical reactions.
They consist of chemical or structural formulas of the reactants on the
left and those of the products on the right. They are separated by an arrow
(→) which indicates the direction and type of the reaction; the arrow is
read as the word “yields”.[7] The tip of the arrow points in the direction
in which the reaction proceeds. A double arrow (is in equilibrium with)
pointing in opposite directions is used for equilibrium reactions.
Equations should be balanced according to the stoichiometry, the number of
atoms of each species should be the same on both sides of the equation.
This is achieved by scaling the number of involved molecules (A, B, C and D
in a schematic example below) by the appropriate integers a, b, c and d.[8]
mathrm{a A + b B longrightarrow c C + d D}
More elaborate reactions are represented by reaction schemes, which in
addition to starting materials and products show important intermediates or
transition states. Also, some relatively minor additions to the reaction
can be indicated above the reaction arrow; examples of such additions are
water, heat, illumination, a catalyst, etc. Similarly, some minor products
can be placed below the arrow, often with a minus sign.
An example of organic reaction: oxidation of ketones to esters with a
peroxycarboxylic acid
Retrosynthetic analysis can be applied to design a complex synthesis
reaction. Here the analysis starts from the products, for example by
splitting selected chemical bonds, to arrive at plausible initial reagents.
A special arrow (⇒) is used in retro reactions.
HUH. LONG POST, EH??? OK, SEE U guyS!! UNTIL MY NEXT POST!! FEEL FREE TO
POST ON UR OWN AS WELL!!!
Momento nerd para encarar la tarde. La química es divertida y este video lo
prueba:
Must watch awesome chemical reactions.. don’t miss it at any chance!
Very misleading video title… 10/20 “reactions” shown are not chemical
reactions. (Numbers 2, 3, 4, 6, 7, 8, 12, 15, 19, and 20 are not chemical
reactions)
Thank you for nice demonstration. These things may be used by terrorists
also as per their requirement.
I expected the coolest at the end. I was disappointed, but the others were
pretty awesome. Magnetic putty got kinda meh after so many times seeing it,
and same with ferrofluid, but the others were cool. I liked the first one.
HI GUYS!!! LONG TIME NO SEE!!!! KEEP ON COMMENTING AND +1ING MY POSTS, AND
KEEP BEING AWESOME!!! HERE’S TODAY’S POST:
Q: What is a chemical reaction?
A:
A chemical reaction is a process that leads to the transformation of
one set of chemical substances to another.[1] Classically, chemical
reactions encompass changes that only involve the positions of electrons in
the forming and breaking of chemical bonds between atoms, with no change to
the nuclei (no change to the elements present), and can often be described
by a chemical equation. Nuclear chemistry is a sub-discipline of chemistry
that involves the chemical reactions of unstable and radioactive elements
where both electronic and nuclear changes may occur.
The substance (or substances) initially involved in a chemical reaction are
called reactants or reagents. Chemical reactions are usually characterized
by a chemical change, and they yield one or more products, which usually
have properties different from the reactants. Reactions often consist of a
sequence of individual sub-steps, the so-called elementary reactions, and
the information on the precise course of action is part of the reaction
mechanism. Chemical reactions are described with chemical equations, which
graphically present the starting materials, end products, and sometimes
intermediate products and reaction conditions.
Chemical reactions happen at a characteristic reaction rate at a given
temperature and chemical concentration, and rapid reactions are often
described as spontaneous, requiring no input of extra energy other than
thermal energy. Non-spontaneous reactions run so slowly that they are
considered to require the input of some type of additional energy (such as
extra heat, light or electricity) in order to proceed to completion
(chemical equilibrium) at human time scales.
Different chemical reactions are used in combinations during chemical
synthesis in order to obtain a desired product. In biochemistry, a similar
series of chemical reactions form metabolic pathways. These reactions are
often catalyzed by protein enzymes. These enzymes increase the rates of
biochemical reactions, so that metabolic syntheses and decompositions
impossible under ordinary conditions may be performed at the temperatures
and concentrations present within a cell.
The general concept of a chemical reaction has been extended to
non-chemical reactions between entities smaller than atoms, including
nuclear reactions, radioactive decays, and reactions between elementary
particles as described by quantum field theory.
Chemical reactions such as combustion in the fire, fermentation and the
reduction of ores to metals were known since antiquity. Initial theories of
transformation of materials were developed by Greek philosophers, such as
the Four-Element Theory of Empedocles stating that any substance is
composed of the four basic elements – fire, water, air and earth. In the
Middle Ages, chemical transformations were studied by Alchemists. They
attempted, in particular, to convert lead into gold, for which purpose they
used reactions of lead and lead-copper alloys with sulfur.[2]
The production of chemical substances that do not normally occur in nature
has long been tried, such as the synthesis of sulfuric and nitric acids
attributed to the controversial alchemist Jābir ibn Hayyān. The process
involved heating of sulfate and nitrate minerals such as copper sulfate,
alum and saltpeter. In the 17th century, Johann Rudolph Glauber produced
hydrochloric acid and sodium sulfate by reacting sulfuric acid and sodium
chloride. With the development of the lead chamber process in 1746 and the
Leblanc process, allowing large-scale production of sulfuric acid and
sodium carbonate, respectively, chemical reactions became implemented into
the industry. Further optimization of sulfuric acid technology resulted in
the contact process in 1880s,[3] and the Haber process was developed in
1909–1910 for ammonia synthesis.[4]
From the 16th century, researchers including Jan Baptist van Helmont,
Robert Boyle and Isaac Newton tried to establish theories of the
experimentally observed chemical transformations. The phlogiston theory was
proposed in 1667 by Johann Joachim Becher. It postulated the existence of a
fire-like element called “phlogiston”, which was contained within
combustible bodies and released during combustion. This proved to be false
in 1785 by Antoine Lavoisier who found the correct explanation of the
combustion as reaction with oxygen from the air.[5]
Joseph Louis Gay-Lussac recognized in 1808 that gases always react in a
certain relationship with each other. Based on this idea and the atomic
theory of John Dalton, Joseph Proust had developed the law of definite
proportions, which later resulted in the concepts of stoichiometry and
chemical equations.[6]
Regarding the organic chemistry, it was long believed that compounds
obtained from living organisms were too complex to be obtained
synthetically. According to the concept of vitalism, organic matter was
endowed with a “vital force” and distinguished from inorganic materials.
This separation was ended however by the synthesis of urea from inorganic
precursors by Friedrich Wöhler in 1828. Other chemists who brought major
contributions to organic chemistry include Alexander William Williamson
with his synthesis of ethers and Christopher Kelk Ingold, who, among many
discoveries, established the mechanisms of substitution reactions.
Chemical equations are used to graphically illustrate chemical reactions.
They consist of chemical or structural formulas of the reactants on the
left and those of the products on the right. They are separated by an arrow
(→) which indicates the direction and type of the reaction; the arrow is
read as the word “yields”.[7] The tip of the arrow points in the direction
in which the reaction proceeds. A double arrow (is in equilibrium with)
pointing in opposite directions is used for equilibrium reactions.
Equations should be balanced according to the stoichiometry, the number of
atoms of each species should be the same on both sides of the equation.
This is achieved by scaling the number of involved molecules (A, B, C and D
in a schematic example below) by the appropriate integers a, b, c and d.[8]
mathrm{a A + b B longrightarrow c C + d D}
More elaborate reactions are represented by reaction schemes, which in
addition to starting materials and products show important intermediates or
transition states. Also, some relatively minor additions to the reaction
can be indicated above the reaction arrow; examples of such additions are
water, heat, illumination, a catalyst, etc. Similarly, some minor products
can be placed below the arrow, often with a minus sign.
An example of organic reaction: oxidation of ketones to esters with a
peroxycarboxylic acid
Retrosynthetic analysis can be applied to design a complex synthesis
reaction. Here the analysis starts from the products, for example by
splitting selected chemical bonds, to arrive at plausible initial reagents.
A special arrow (⇒) is used in retro reactions.
HUH. LONG POST, EH??? OK, SEE U guyS!! UNTIL MY NEXT POST!! FEEL FREE TO
POST ON UR OWN AS WELL!!!
Awesome chemical reactions
¡EXCELENTE!
Ok de er ikke alle kemiske reaktioner, som titlen antyder. Men de er sjove
:-)
That’s pretty fuckin cool!
*A Compilation of Amazing Chemical Reactions *
Chemistry, YAY!!
spoon + water + ? = 1:13
really cool chemical reactions
why is the video such low quality?
Momento nerd para encarar la tarde. La química es divertida y este video lo
prueba:
Must watch awesome chemical reactions.. don’t miss it at any chance!
Science@Art!!!!
Very misleading video title… 10/20 “reactions” shown are not chemical
reactions. (Numbers 2, 3, 4, 6, 7, 8, 12, 15, 19, and 20 are not chemical
reactions)
Lets drink tea and stir the sugar in with a gallium spoon!
NEXT DAY: Everyone at the tea party died!
Must watch awesome chemical reactions.. don’t miss it at any chance!
Cool, but some of the videos are so sped up you barely see anything before
it’s on to the next one.
gallum melting is not a chemical reaction